All in all, orthopedists are gifted in the:

• Finding of your physical issue or confusion
• Treatment with drug, exercise, medical procedure or other treatment plans
• Recovery by prescribing practices or non-intrusive treatment to reestablish development, quality and capacity
• Anticipation with data and treatment intends to forestall injury or moderate the movement of infections

What are Fractures

A break or crack in a bone is called a fracture. In the case of an open fracture, the broken bone may pierce the skin surface. But in a closed fracture the skin around the fracture is intact. However, broken bones may be unstable causing internal bleeding and the casualty may develop shock.

Signs and Symptoms

Look for:

• Deformity, swelling and bruising around the fracture
• Pain and/or difficulty moving the area
• A limb may look shorter, twisted or bent
• A grating noise or feeling from the ends of the broken bones
• Difficulty or being unable to move the limb normally
• A wound where you can see the bone sticking out (known as an open fracture)
• Signs of shock, particularly with a fracture of a thigh bone, hip or pelvis

What to do

• If it is an open fracture, cover the wound with a sterile dressing or a clean non-fluffy cloth. Apply pressure around the wound and not over the protruding bone, to control any bleeding. Then secure the dressing with a bandage.
• Advise the casualty to keep still while you support the injured part to stop it from moving. Do this by holding the joint above and below the injured area.
• Place padding around the injury for extra support.
• Once you’ve done this, Call 044-4012 4012 or 80720 46626 for Emergency Help. Do not move the casualty until the injured part is secured, unless they are in immediate danger. You can secure an upper limb fracture with a sling and a lower limb fracture with broad fold bandages.
• If necessary treat for shock, but do not raise an injured leg. Monitor their breathing and level of response while waiting for help to arrive.

When to See a Doctor?

• When skin rash appears, or foul odor comes from inside the cast
• If the cast gets too tight, or too loose
• In case of increased pain and swelling, that make movement of fingers more difficult
• When feeling numbness or tingling in the arm, fingers or toes
• If your fingers feel cold or turn blue
• If you feel increased pain inside or near the cast (or)
• If the cast gets too wet to be dried

Prevention of Bone Fractures

The Elderly:

• Undergo regular medical checkups, and assessments of the risk factors of falls
• Undergo bone tests, to check if you suffer from osteoporosis or low BMI—this is especially necessary for women post-menopause, or aged 65 and above
• Maintain physical activity, to strengthen foot muscles and improve the body balance
• Undergo a yearly eye examination to assess the visual acuity, and update the visual measurements, And
• Maintain a safe household environment, to avoid falling, by positioning the furniture in a manner that allows for reasonable space, and helps avoid stumbling, as well as maintaining good illumination throughout the house, as a way of avoiding stumbling.

Children:

• Play safely, and ensure safety of the playgrounds; falls while playing are a common cause of fractures in children
• Pay close attention on children while at home, and keeping an eye on them when ascending or descending the stairs, or in any other place where falls are possible, And
• Exercise safely, by putting on such protective uniforms and tools as: helmets, knee and elbow pads, Etc.

Lower Back Pain

Low back pain is very common. It is estimated that 60% to 80% of the general population will experience an episode of low back pain in his or her lifetime. A variety of lifestyle factors can have a cumulative effect on the different sections of the spine. These factors can range from your profession, through to the mattress you sleep on every night. Unnecessary amounts of stress can be placed on your back by sitting still for long periods of time or performing heavy lifts in the gym. Low back pain is one of the top reasons why an individual may decide to come and visit an Osteopath or Physiotherapist.

Common causes of Low Back Pain?

There are many different causes for low back pain. The most common causes are mechanical in nature, this means that there is a disruption to the normal functioning of the anatomical components of the low back. The list below includes some of the most common mechanical causes of low back pain as well as some non-mechanical causes.

Bones, Muscles and Joints

Muscle Strain – when a muscle is stretched beyond its normal limits. This can sometimes cause the muscle to tear, damaging the muscle. A muscle strain is usually a result of overuse, fatigue or improper use of a muscle. It can happen suddenly or it can develop slowly over time.

Ligament Sprain – ligaments are strong supportive tissues that are located around joints. They act as a supportive structure around a joint, that aid in improving stability of the joint. A sprain occurs when the ligament is overstretched. Sometimes tearing can occur, this is known as a ligament rupture.

Facet Joint Dysfunction – the spinal column is made up of 33 spinal vertebrae that are connected together by facet joints. The joints have cartilage between the bones and are supported by an abundance of ligaments, including a capsular ligament. Within the capsular ligament there is a fluid known as synovial fluid which aids in the smooth moving of the joint. The capsule, ligaments and joints are highly innervated. Through injury, trauma, poor posture and many other reasons these joints can be affected and cause pain, on their own or in conjunction with the intervertebral discs.

Spondylolithesis – when one of the vertebrae in the low back, moves out of its usual / normal position, usually slipping forwards. This causes instability within the spine. If the bone slips too much it may compress onto the surrounding nerves causing pain and neurological symptoms down the legs.

Sacroiliac Joint (SIJ) Dysfunction – the sacroiliac joint is located at the base of the spine, where the spine meets each side of the pelvis. It is a very strong joint that absorbs a lot of force created from the upper and lower body. The SIJ doesn’t have much range of motion and can become painful if there is too much motion or too little motion. It can also become painful if it becomes inflamed, this is known as sacroiliitis.

Less Common Causes of Low Back Pain

Infection – spinal infection is very rare, but can cause severe pain and can be lifethreathning if it is left untreated. Also known as osteomyelitis it can be caused by; bacteria in the bloodstream, infectious disease that spreads to the bone, infection from recent surgery or injection in or around a bone.

Tumors – Tumours in the spine are not very common, however if they do appear they usually start elsewhere in the body and metastasize to the spine. The most common tumours that metastasize to the spine start from cancers in the prostate, kidney, lung, breast and thyroid.

Autoimmune Diseases – back pain is a common symptom in individuals suffering from autoimmune conditions such as ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus and crohn’s disease.

Diagnosis of Low Back Pain

In order for low back pain to be diagnosed, a visit to your GP (General practitioner) is not always necessary. Some cause of low back back can also be diagnosed by physical therapists. Examples of physical therapists include osteopaths and physiotherapists. In order to ascertain the cause of the low back pain, a precise case history will be taken. Information regarding your current and previous symptoms will be required along with a thorough physical examination. This will allow the practitioner to make a more informative and accurate diagnosis.

Practitioners may ask you the following questions whilst taking the case history;

• When was the onset of any pain or symptoms?
• How long does this pain persist for?
• What is the nature of this pain?
• When the pain started to affect you, what were you doing?
• Has the strength of your foot or leg reduced?
• Do you have any history of injury to the hip or back areas?
• Have you experienced any other symptoms?

During your physical assessment, it may be appropriate and beneficial for your practitioner to complete a series of tests including; orthopedic tests, reflex tests, postural assessment, nerve stretch tests and muscular strength tests.

Occasionally, further testing may be required, this may include:

X-ray imaging – this can show if there is any disruption to the normal alignment of the bones in the spine. It also shows fractures in the bones. This may be requested if there is a chance of spondylolisthesis, boney fracture or osteoarthritis in the spine.

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) – this type of imaging is best at showing up any abnormalities within the soft tissues of the body. For example the muscles, ligaments, intervertebral discs, nerves and spinal cord. This type of test may be requested if a lumbar spine disc herniation is suspected.

Electromyography (EMG) – this test assesses the electrical activity in a muscle. It can detect whether or not the weakness in a muscle is a result of reduced or poor nerve conduction. This would suggest that there is a problem with the nerves. This type of test may be requested if somebody is experiencing weakness into their legs.

Bone scan – also known as a DEXA scan, this type of test can detect and monitor bone density. This type of test would be requested if osteoporosis was suspected.

Blood tests – this type of test is not routinely used to diagnose low back pain. However it might be requested to look for any signs of increased inflammation, infection or autoimmune diseases.

TYPES OF BACK PAIN AND NECK PAIN

The pain associated with back and neck injury can be severe and varies depending on the cause. Pain can be constant or might come and go, can feel deep or near the skin, and can range from a dull ache to a sharp, stabbing pain. The type of back pain or neck pain you experience can help with diagnosis. If the pain occurs in a specific region, it is usually due to a sprain or muscle injury. Back pain caused by a slipped disc can be much more severe and can occur much later than the original injury. It usually causes a dull ache in addition to a sharp pain that can spread to different parts of the body, especially if the nerve roots are affected. Pressure on the nerves or spinal cord can also cause muscle weakness.

BACK PAIN: MORE THAN JUST A PAIN

Back pain is very common. Statistics show that 70% of people have experienced back pain by the age of 60 and that it is most common in men, although women are prone to it during pregnancy. Back pain is much more than just pain though. Its effects are significant and can inhibit you in many aspects of daily life. Having a bad back can stop you:

• Walking and moving around
• Sleeping
• Working
• Spending time taking part in hobbies or with family

Back pain can become so severe that simple events like coughing, sneezing or bending can be excruciating. In 90% of cases, back pain resolves after a few months but in other cases the pain remains and continues to get worse. This is especially the case with referred pain from cancer or conditions like ankylosing spondylitis.

Paediatrics Orthopaedics Surgery

At the Unittas MutiSpecialty Hospital, our paediatrics orthopaedics surgery department is thoroughly experienced at treating problems of the skeletal system in children.

With particular attention given to looking after youngsters and making them feel comfortable in a medical environment, our paediatrics orthopaedics surgeons are second to none in Tamilnadu. Our doctors make assessments on the healthy development of children, so parents can rest assured their loved ones are equipped to handle whatever the future brings.

Our doctors have experience with an array of orthopaedics problems; including dislocations of a traumatic and non-traumatic nature, bone and muscle deformities, as well as cysts and tumour, and other diseases that affect the bones and skeletal system.

At the Unittas MutiSpecialty Hospital, paediatrics orthopaedics surgery includes the treatment of septic arthritis, cerebral palsy, arthrogryposis multiplex congenital and hereditary motor-sensory neuropathy.

Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a dislocation that can be present in new-borns and until the first year. It describes the condition where the thighbone (femur) doesn’t fit into the pelvic socket. Foot deformities are also treated, including the treatment of flat feet and congenital talipes equinovarus (CTEV), also known as clubfeet.

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is an illness where the hipbone can die if blood flow is restricted. Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), an abnormal movement on the growth plate that causes a fracture on the head of the femur, is additionally something our paediatrics orthopaedics surgeons can address.

Overgrowth disorders, brittle bone disease (osteogenesis imperfect) and Stuve-Wiedemann syndrome, can also be treated at the Unittas MutiSpecialty Hospital.

In terms of treatments, we offer tendon transfer and lengthening, and much more in conjunction with ultrasound scan assistance.

Options for older children include the open reduction of the hip joint (acetabuloplasty), which takes away the area of over-coverage, to create space and relieve bone impingements. The Salter-osteotomy, triple osteotomy and osteotomies of the proximal femur to shorten or lengthen bones, also prove effective for adjusting alignment in children.

Clubfeet can be treated through manipulation and stretching techniques alongside wearing a plastic cast for the foot and ankle. The method encourages the muscles to relax and allows the ligaments to form in the correct position. It’s the chosen treatment up until the child is five years old.

SCFE can be rectified with in-situ fixation, 3D osteotomy and trochanter flip osteotomy.

Axis correction osteotomies and telescoping nails help improve the quality of children’s lives by allowing improved movement and bone development without the risk of deviation.

For axis deformities, correction can be performed while epiphysiodesis or hemiepiphysiodesis fuses the plate of one leg to allow the shorter one to catch up in length, as the child is still growing.

Juvenile bone cysts, where fluid fills a hole in the bone, as well as benign tumours and lesions, require continuous decompression using cannulated screws. The hospital also offers solutions for hereditary multiple exostoses (the occurrence of many osteochondromas masses growing on the arm and leg bone exterior).

Medicines

Orthopaedic patients have profited by mechanical advances, for example, joint substitution, and the arthroscope that permits the orthopedist to peer inside a joint. Be that as it may, your visit will begin with an individual meeting and physical assessment. This might be trailed by analytic tests, for example, blood tests, X-beams, or different tests.

Your treatment may include clinical advising, prescriptions, throws, braces, and treatments, for example, exercise, or medical procedure. For most orthopaedic sicknesses and wounds, there is more than one type of treatment. Your orthopedist will examine the treatment alternatives with you and assist you with choosing the best treatment intend to empower you to carry on with a functioning and useful life.

Our Treatments & Procedures

• Total Knee Replacement - Unilateral (IMPLANT EXCLUDED)
• Total Knee Replacement - Bilateral (IMPLANT EXCLUDED)
• Hip Replacement - Unilateral (IMPLANT EXCLUDED)
• Hip Replacement - Bilateral (IMPLANT EXCLUDED)
• Fracture Neck Femur (IMPLANT EXCLUDED)
• Femur Shaft Fracture - Proximal / Middle / Distal
• Tibia Fracture Proximal / Middle / Distal / - Orif / Crif with
• Ankle / Tibia Fracture - Orif / Crif with Screws / TBW
• Arthrodesis - Wrist / Ankle / Subtalar - (EXCLUDING IMPLANT)
• Foot Fractures - With Wires
• Foot Fractures - With Screws
• Calcaneal Fracture: With Plates
• Shoulder / Humerous / Elbow / Both Bones / Forearm
• Single Forearm Fracture / Wrist Fracture - With Plate
• Scaphoid Fracture Fixation
• Hand - 'K' Wires - Single Fracture
• Hand - 'K' Wires - Multiple Fracture
• Therapeutic Arthroscopy
• Arthroscopic Surgery
• Shoulder - Arthroscopy / Open - Bankart
• Shoulder - Arthroscopy / Open - Cuff Repair
• Shoulder - Arthroscopy / Open - Cuff Repair With Anchors
• Shoulder - Arthroscopy / Open - Sub Acromial Decopression
• ACL Reconstruction Repair
• MCL Reconstruction Repair
• ACL & PCL Reconstruction Repair
• Laminectomy / Discectomy
• Stabilization Of Spinal Cord
• THORACO / LUMBAR GLOBAL FIXATION + / BONE GRAFT
• THORACO / LUMBAR - ANTERIOR INTERBODY FIXATION +/- BONE GRAFTING (EXCLUDING IMPLANTS)
• CARPEL TUNNEL RELEASE - UNILATERAL
• CARPEL TUNNEL RELEASE - BILATERAL
• Close Reduction Of Fracture Of Limbs and POP (DAY CARE)
• Reduction Of Compound Fractures(DAY CARE)
• Close Reduction Of Dislocations(DAY CARE)
• IMPLANT REMOVAL FOR SMALL BONES
• IMPLANT REMOVAL (FEMUR / TIBIA)
• BONE GRAFTING FOR NON UNIONS - LOWER LIMBS
• BONE GRAFTING FOR NON UNIONS - UPPER LIMBS
• ACETABULAR FRACTURE - POSTERIOR WALL / COLUMN ORIF
• ACETABULAR FRACTURE - ANTERIOR WALL / COLUMN ORIF
• PELVIS FRACTURE - EXTERNAL FIXATION (INCLUDING IMPLANT)
• Reduction Of Dislocation in GA